Vapor-burner.



PATBNTED MAY 3, 1904.

H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

urmouxox FILED APR. so, 1903.

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H. E. SMITH; VAPOR BURNER.

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No. 759,034. PATENTED MAY 3, 1904. H. F. SMITH.

VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. so, 1903.

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PATENT OFFICE.

\I'APOR BUF-KNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 759,034, dated May 3,1904.

Application filed April 30, 1903. Serial No. 154,970. (No model.)

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Be it known that 1, HARPER F. SMITH, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful linprovenlent in Vapor-Burners, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention consists of a novel construction of a vapor-burner whereinthe hydrocarbon is supplied thereto in a simple and effective manner andnovel means are provided for regulating the supply of vapor, forstarting the burner, and for preventing injurious drafts.

The invention further consists in other im proved features, all as willbe hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a vapor-burner embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 represents aplan View, in detached position, of theair-intake for the burner, to be hereinafter referred to. Fig. 3represents a sectional view of the generator employed, the section beingtaken on line :r :11, Fig. 1. Fig. 41- represents asection on lines .2,Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a vertical sectional view of the regenerator,to be hereinafter referred to, the section being taken on line 2 3 Fig.3. Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of the burner employed, a portionof the starting device coacting therewith being shown in section, thesection being taken on line a" :0, Fig. 7. Fig. 7 represents a top planview of the burners, starting device, and their adjuncts. Fig. 8represents asection on line ;2/, Fig. 6. Fig. 9 represents a section online .2" .2, Fig. 6. Fig. 10 represents a vertical sectional view of oneof the burners employed. Fig. 11 represents, on an enlarged scale, asectional View 01'' the burner-cap in detached position. 12

represents a sectional view oi a deflectingdevice Which is attached tothe bottom of the globe, the section being taken on line 42; (11 Fig. 1.Fig. 13 represents alongitudinal sectional view of the combination-valveenr ployed to control the flow of fluid leading from the governor to thestarting device and to the generator, to be hereinafter referred to.Fig. 14 represents a perspective view showing the supporting device forthe lamps and their manner of attachment to the hot-air cylinder. Fig.15 represents a vertical seetional view of the governor employed, thesame being shown in detached position. Fig. 16 represents a perspectiveview of the starting device, burners, andtheir adjuncts. Fig. 17represents a detail view oi the lower governor-valve stem.

7 Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in theiigures.

Referring to the drawings, the hydrocarbon or other fluid is supplied tothe reservoir 1 through the tube .2 upon the removal therefrom of thescrew-cap 3, (seen in Fig. 1,) it being understood that the reservoir 1is in the presentinstance substantially annular in shape and is inclosedwithin a hood or casing 4:, as Will be understood from Fig. 1. Thereservoir 1. having been lilled, it will be understood that the oil orhydrocarbon will flow through the ports or strainer-holes 7 and throughthe strainer 7 into the space 6 within the tube 5 and thence down pastthe valve 8 into the chamber 9, having the removable drip-plug 9 5, andthence out the pipe 10 into the chamber 11, from which lead the ports 12and 13, which are controlled by the valves 14: and 15, respectively,which are manipulated by the handles 16 and 17, which project outside ofthe casing 18. it will be understood that when the valve 14 is unseatedand turned into its extreme position the threaded cone or rear portion18 will seat itself against the plug 19, thereby forming an ciiicientseal and preventing leakage.

20 designates a pipe leading from the port 13 to the fitting 21 anddischarging into the passage 22, which leads into the lower portion ofthe chamber 23, which is filled with suitable absorbent material 2d, atthe bottom of which chamber is located a foraniinous partition, shown asthe arched gauze cap 25, upon which the absorbent. material rests,preventing clogging of inlet.

26 designates a passage leading from the upper portion of the chamber 23and thence downwardly and laterally and after discharging at theblower-tip 27 overflows into the cup 28, which is secured to the stem 29by means of the screw 30 or other suitable devices, said cup containingasbestos 31 at its with a stem 46, to which is secured the head lowerportion, which is held in position by the gauze 32 or by other means.

It will be understood from the foregoing that a sufiicient quantity ofhydrocarbon hav- 1 ing overflowed into the cup 28 the valve 15 isclosed, so that no more hydrocarbon can flow through the pipe 20. Theattendant next ignites the hydrocarbon in the cup 28, whereupon thehydrocarbon in the absorbentcham ber 23 becomes volatilized underconsiderable pressure and flows with great force through the passage 26and out the burner tip 27 through the port 33 into the comminglingtubeor blast-chamber 34, it being understood that the highly-heated vaporflows through the port 33 and draws into said blast-chamber a sufficientquantity of air to make a blue flame, which impinges upon theregenerator 34% and the generator 35, whereby these tubes are heated toan intense degree. It will be noted that both chambers 23 and 34 arelocated above the cup 28, so that the blast-chamber 34 is heated by thecombustion of the hydrocarbon in the cup.

From the foregoing it will be understood how the starting device isoperated or, in other words, how the initial heating of the generatorand regenerator is effected, and the means for supplying hydrocarbon tothe generator and for volatilizing the same therein will next bedescribed, reference being first had to Fig. 13, wherein 36 designates apipe leading from the valve-casing, it being understood that the valve15 and port 13 are now closed. The hydrocarbon flows through the pipe 10and port 12, since the valve 14 is now open, and thence through the pipe36 into the pipe 37, passage 38, pipe 39, passages 40, 41, 42, and 43out the discharge-pipe 44 into the chamber 45 of the governor 46 itbeing understood that the upper portion of this chamber 45 is now filledwith vapor, which enters through the pipe 44 and exerts a pressuredownwardly upon the hydrocarbon in the reservoir 1 and also upon thechamber 6. The valve 8, hereinbefore referred to, is provided 47,carrying the valve 48, which is pivoted thereto and adapted to open andclose the port 49, from which leads the pipe 50 downwardly into the tube51, which serves as a regenerator, it being understood that said pipe 50terminates at the point 52 a short distance from the 5 end. of theregenerator, so that the vapor I which is discharged into theregenerator 51 is compelled to flow substantially the whole i lengththereof backwardly to the outlet 53 and through the tip 54, at whichpoint it discharges into the mixing-chamber 55 and flows thence into theburner-tube 56 and through passage 57into the opposite burner-tube 58.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 15, it will be understood that the head 47has secured to it a rod 59, whose upper end is secured to the T upperportion 50* of the diaphragm 51 the l l spring 45%.

lower portion 52 of said diaphragm being suitably secured to a fixedpoint, as 53 it being understood that the chamber 54 is at all times incommunication with the chamber 45. 55 designates a spring having one endcontacting with the diaphragm member 5O ,while its upper end encirclesthe boss 56 which depends from the adjusting-screw 57 which engages theupper portion 58 of the governorcasing. It will thus be seen from theforegoing that a very practical and eflicient construction of thegovernor is provided, the same having a hydrocarbon-fluid outlet 10 inits lower portion and a vapor-inlet 44 and vaporoutlet 50 in its upperportion. The valve 8 in the lower portion of the governor, inconjunction with the compression-spring abutting against it, serves tocontrol the flow of hydrocarbon out through the pipe 10, while the valve48, which is pivotally attached to the head 47, serves to control theflow of vapor out of the pipe 50 to the regenerator 34%, and thecompression-spring 55 on the top of the diaphragm, according torequirements, causes the two vertical rods to exert a pressure againstthe lower valve 8, whereupon the spring 45% is compressed and said valve8 is opened, thereby allowing a requisite amount of hydrocarbon to flowout through the pipe 10. When the pressure in the chamber 45 rises tothe desired point, which can be readily regulated by the spring 55 tothe desired extent, the rods 46 and 59 and their adjuncts will beraised, thereby allowing the lower valve 8 to become seated. This causesthe sleeve of the valve 8 surrounding the lower vertical rod 46 to riseby the expansion of the spring 45%, which forces the valve 8 upward toits seat, which action will shut off the supply of hydrocarbon throughthe pipe 10 to the generator 35.

If desired, I may employ the construction best seen in Fig. 17, whereinI have shown the lower stem or rod 46 as threaded and provided withlock-nuts 8 whereby upon adjusting said nuts, which rest upon the top ofthe sleeve 9 more or less adjustment of the valve may be made, it beingunderstood that the lower end of the stem 46 slides freely in saidsleeve, thereby giving an independent movement of the valve 8, which iscontrolled by the 1 have shown the strainer 7 X and these nuts 8 in Fig.18 for the sake of clearness of illustration. In case the lower valve 8should refuse to respond to the action of the upper compression-spring55 and the pressure should go above or rise beyond the point therexpand, and thereby cause the pivoted valve-stem 48 to become seatedagainst its seat, thereby cutting off the supply of vapor from 1 thepipe 50 to the regenerator and to the mixing-chamber which extinguishesthe light.

It will be understood from Fig. 4 that the pipes composing the generator35 lie on an angle with the horizontal in thehot-air chamset then thediaphragms 5O and 52 will fursuperimposed mantle 66.

ber and that the fluid-inlet 36 is at the lower end of the angle, whilethe vapor-outlet 44: is at the upper end of said angle, thereby causingthe fluid to pass upwardly through the generator. it will be alsounderstood that the regenerator lies directly beneath the generator, andby reason of its construction vapor is caused to pass over the entirelength of the hightly-heated tube 51. whereby the regeneration takesplace, from which point the highlyheated vapor passes out through thetip 54 to the niixing-cl'iamber 55, as has already been explained.

Referring once more to the construction seen in Figs. 6 to 11,inclusive, it will be apparent that each burner, as 56, consists of ahollow chamber having an upright rod 60, to the upper portion of whichis secured a disk 61, which serves to equalize the flow of vapor to theburner-cap 62, the construction of which latter can be best understoodfrom Fig. 12, said cap consisting of the walls 63.) and top 64;, whichis provided with parallel slots 65. It will be apparent that by thisconstruction of burner-cap the parallel slots cause the flame to syn-caddirectly against the meshes of the stood from Fig. 9 that the disks 61are so situated with respect to the burners that the flow of gas to theburners is equal, it being also ap 'iarent that the disk nearest themixing-tube, or the one seen at the right of Fig. 9, receives morepressure initially than the disk at the left of Fig. 9, and I have foundby experience that it is necessary to break or equalize such pressure,so as to secure an equal disti' ibutionof gas to the point of ignition.

Referring now to Fig. 2, it will be apparent that the lamp is providedwith a globe 67, which is suitably supported and which has an opening 68in its lower portion. Above this opening is located a cup 69, whichrests upon the feet 70. 71 designates a deflecting device composed of abase portion 72, an upright stem 73, and vertical blades 74, the oiliceof said deflecting device being to deflect air up into the globe 67,which air plays a dual partfirst, as a fresh-air supply for burnerconsumption, as already explained, and, second, to equalize any backpressure that might occur within the apparatus. It will be understoodfrom Fig. 1 that the cup 69 and deflecting device 71 are held inengagement by a threaded stem; but as this connection or union of thesetwo parts may be accomplished by various other means I do not deem itnecessary to describe this construction in detail.

As has been explained, the products of combustion pass upwardly to thehot-airchamber as. around the regenerator and generator tubes 34% and35, and thence into the fine or hot-air cylinder 75 and impinge againstthe invcrtcd cone 76, whereby the products of combustion are deflectedover the top of the outer case or weather-cylinder 77 against the wallsIt will be under.

of the weather-hood 78, which latter is composed of theangularly-disposed upper and lower walls 79 and 80. The upper portion ofthe hot-air cylinder 75 has secured thereto the inverted-U or othershaped brace 81 whose top portion 82 is secured to the threaded stem 83,having an eye 8% therein, whereby the lamp may be convenientlysupported. 1n the present instancel have shown the inverted cone 7 6 assimported from the brace 81, and I have shown the cone 85 as supportedfrom the rod 83, while the weather-hood 78 is supported from said cone85; but it is apparent that changes may be made by those skilled in theart in the manner of assembling these devices, and I do not, therefore,desire to be limited in every instance to the exact construction shown.It will thus be understood from the foregoing that the inverted cone 7 6unifori'nly directs the products of combustion around and out of thehot-air cylinder 75. The hood 7 8 is provided with an 01:)011l11g8621i1its top and an opening 87 at its bottom, which latter surrounds theoutside or weather cylinder 77. It will be understood from the foregoingthat the angle formed by the junction of the inclined sides 79 and cutsthe air and deflects the same either upwardly or downwardly, so thatthere can be no llllplODGl or injurious drafts with the hot-aircylinder, since said air must past above the top of the opening 86 andbelow the bottom of the opening 87, it being also apparent that the hoodby reason of its location below the upper opening 86 also assists toprevent any improper or injurious drafts in the hot-air chamber. it willalso be apparent by reason of my novel construction if the lamp shouldbe suspended close to a wall, where the air would be deflecteddownwardly upon the hood 7 8, in case any air should pass into the upperopening 86 it would iiow over the cone and out at the bottom opening 87.

In Figs. 1 and 2 .l have shown the base 89 of the hot-ai r chamber 93consisting of a disk having a plurality of cars 90 projecting therefrom,which. are adapted to be secured to the annular strip or ringconstituting the protecting-hood 91 so as to form an annular opening 92,whereby the air is supplied to the mix ing chaniber and is also suppliedto a sufiicient extent to the fresh-ai r-draft chamber 93, so as tocarry oil the radiant heat from the exterior of the hot-air chamber,passing up through the weather-cylinder 77 out of the hood 7 8 at thetop thereof.

It will be apparent from the construction seen in Figs. (3 to '10 andespecially in Fig. 16 that in practice .I construct the burners 56 58and the passage 57 in a single casting and that said. burners arefurther connected by a plate 28 and that from said plate is supportedthe chamber 23 of the starting device by means of thescrew 28', so thatit will be seen that the parts seen in Fig. 6, comprisii'ig the burners,starting device, blast-chamber, and commin- TOO gling-tube, may beconsidered as an integral part of the burner and can be allsimultaneously removed therefrom upon the disconnection of thecommingling-tube 55 for the purpose of inspection or repairs.

It will be apparent that I have not described in detail the precisemanner of assembling and securing together the various parts of theapparatus, as it will be understood that the same may be varied and thatvarious changes may be made by those skilled in the art which may comewithin the scope of my invention, and I therefore reserve to myself theright to make all such changes as come within the scope of the same.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator consisting of a pluralityof substantially parallel tubes lying in different horizontal andvertical planes and a regenerator beneath and adjacent said generator,said regenerator being connected to receive vapor from said generatorand provided with a vapor-jet orifice.

2. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator consisting of a pluralityof substantially parallel tubes lying in different horizontal andvertical planes, a regenerator beneath said generator connected toreceive vapor therefrom and provided with a vapor-jet orifice andconnections from said reservoir to the lowermost of said generator-tubesand from the uppermost of said generator-tubes to said regenerator.

3. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a starting device, aconnection leading from said reservoir to said generator and saidstarting device and means interposed in said connection for-controllingthe flow of hydrocarbon therethrough operated by the pressure of thegenerated vapor.

4:. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a starting device, aconnection leading from said reservoir to said generator and saidstarting device, means interposed in said connection for controlling theflow of hydrocarbon therethrough operated by the pressure of thegenerated vapor and means for separately cutting ofi the flow to saidgenerator and said starting device.

5.In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a governor in communication with saidreservoir, a valve-casing, a pipe leading from said governor to saidvalve-casing, a plurality of valves in said casing, said casing having aplurality of outlets controlled by said valves, a starting device, oneof said outlets having a connection for conveying hydrocarbon from saidvalve-casing to said starting device, a generator located above saidstarting device, and a pipe leading from the other of said outlets tosaid generator, in combination with a pipe leading from said generatorto the upper portion of said governor, a regenerator below saidgenerator to which said last-mentioned pipe is connected, burners belowsaid regenerator, and a mixing-tube leading from said regenerator forconveying the commingled air and gas to said burner.

6. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a governor in communication with saidreservoir, a valve-casing, a pipe leading from said governor to saidvalve-casing, a plurality of valves in said casing, said casing having aplurality device, one of said outlets having a connecvalve-casing tosaid starting device, a generator located above said starting device, apipe leading from the other of said outlets to said generator, a pipeleading from said generator to the upper portion of said governor, aregenerator below said generator to which said last-named pipe isconnected, a burner below said regenerator, atip in said regenerator,and a mixing-tube for conveying commingled gas and air from said tip tosaid burner.

7. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a regenerator, aconnection leading from said reservoir to said generator, a casing insaid connection, means in said casing controlling the flow ofhydrocarbon in said connection operated by the pr ssure of the generatedvapor, a starting device, a connection leading from said casing to saidstarting device, connections leading from said generator to said casin gand from said casing to said regenerator and a valve in said casingcontrolling the flow of hydrocarbon through said last-named connection.

8. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a regenerator, aconnection leading from said reservoir to said generator, a casing insaid connection, a starting device adjacent said generator, a connectionleading from said casing to said starting device, connections leadingfrom said generator to said casing and from said casing to saidregenerator, a valve in said casing controlling the flow of hydrocarbonto said generator and to said starting device, a second valvecontrolling the flow of hydrocarbon to said regenerator and means insaid casing operating both said valves controlled by the pressure of thegenerated vapor.

9. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a regenerator, aconnection leading from said reservoir to said generator, a casing insaid connection, a starting device adjacent said generator, a connectionleading from said casing to said starting device, connections leadingfrom said generator to said casing and from said casing to saidregenerator, a valve in said casing controlling the flow of hydrocarbonto said generator and to said starting device, a second valvecontrolling the flow of hydrocarbon to said regenerator, means in saidcasing operating both said valves controlled by of outlets controlled bysaid valves, a starting tion for conveying hydrocarbon from saidpressure of the generated vapor, aburner and a mixing-tube interposedbetween said regenerator and said burner.

10. In a vapor-burn er, a reservoir, a generator, a plurality ofburners, a mixing-tube supplying commingled air and vapor to all of saidburners, a starting device comprising means for vaporizinghydrocarbonand a blast-chamher, said blast-chamber being located between saidburners beneath said generator.

11. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, a regenerator adjacentsaid generator, a plurality of burners, a mixing-tube leading from saidregenerator and supplying commingled air and vapor to said burners and astarting device comprising means for vaporizing hydrocarbon and ablast-ehamber located between said burners beneath said generator andregenerator.

12. In a vapor-burning device, a reservoir, a generator, a connectionbetween said reservoir and said generator, a valve in said connection aranged to control the passage of the hydro carbon, a diaphragm connectedwith said valve to operate the same, means for conveying vapor from thegenerator to actuate said diaphragm, a \"alvecasing in said connectionbetween the reservoir and the generator, a starting device, a connectionfrom said casing to said starting device and a plurality of valves insaid casingcontrolling the flow of hydrocarbon to the generator and theflow to the starting device.

18. In a vapor-burning device, a reservoir,a generator, an integralcasting comprising a plurality of burner-tubes and a passage connectingsaid tubes, a starting device attached to said burner-tubes andcomprising a blastchamber located beneath said generator, a vaporizingchamber located adjacent said blast-chamber, the lower portion of saidvaporizing-chamber having fluid connection with said reservoir and anigniting-cup beneath said vaporizing-chamber, means providing a passagethrough the upper portion of said vaporizing-chamber to said cup, and atip on said means located beneath said blast-eliamber, whereby saidpassage is adapted to first eonvey liquid hydrocarbon to said cup andafterward to convey vaporized hydrocarbon to said blast-chamber.

14. In a vapor-burner, a reservoir, a generator, an integral castingcomprising a plural ity of burner-tubes and a passage connecting saidtubes, a starting device attached to said burner-tubes and comprising ablast-chamber located beneath said generator, avaporizingchamber locatedadjacent said blast-chamber, the lower portion 03]. saidvaporiZing-chamber having lluid connection with said reservoir and anigniting-cm beneath said vaporizingchamber and blast-chamber, meansproviding a passage from the upper portion of said vaporizing-chamber tosaid cup and a tip on said means located beneath said blast -chamber,whereby said passage is adapted to first convey liquid hydrocarbon tosaid cup and atter- Ward to convey vaporized hydrocarbon to saidblast-chamber.

.15. In a vapor-burning device, an integral casting comprising aplurality of burners and havingan ofl set passage connecting saidburners in combination with a starting device consisting of ablELSlJ-Cl'HLITlbGI and a burner-tip beneath said blast-chamber, saidblast-chamher being located between said burners.

16. In a vapor-burning device, an integral casting con'iprising aplurality of verticallyextending burner tubes and a passage connectingsaid tubes in combination with removable gas-emitting caps on saidtubes, the tip of each of said caps lieingformed of a plurality ofstraight parallel bars.

17. In a vapor-burning device, an integral casting comprising aplurality of burnertubes, an offset passage and a plate connecting saidtubes in combination with a starting device having a blast-chamber loated between said tubes, said starting device being secured to andsupported by said plate.

18. In a vapor burning device, a reservoir,a generator, a burner, astarting device, eonneetions leading from said reservoir to saidgenerator and to said starting device and a valve automatically operatedby the pressure of the generated vapor for cutting oil the flow ofhydrocarbon to said generator and said starting device.

19. In a vapor-burning device, a flue for carrying 01f the heatedproducts of combustion, an annular reservoir surroundingsaid flue and anannular wall interposed, between said tlue and said reservoir and spacedaway from both.

20. 111a vapor-burning device, a flue for carrying ell the heatedproducts of combustion, an annular reservoir surrounding said flue andan annular hood covering said reservoir and spaced away from said flue.

l-IAHPER IF. SMllI l.

W itnesses:

